大使

dàshǐ: 大使 - Ambassador, Envoy

Quick Summary

  • Keywords: 大使, dashi, Chinese ambassador, ambassador in Chinese, Chinese diplomat, envoy, emissary, Chinese politics, international relations China, HSK 5, Chinese government terms
  • Summary: Learn the essential Chinese word 大使 (dàshǐ), meaning “ambassador.” This guide explores its meaning, character origins (大 - great, 使 - envoy), and its crucial role in Chinese diplomacy and international relations. Understand how this formal title is used in official contexts and figuratively as a “cultural ambassador,” complete with 10 practical example sentences. This page is a deep dive for any beginner wanting to discuss politics or formal roles in Chinese.

Core Meaning

  • Pinyin (with tone marks): dàshǐ
  • Part of Speech: Noun
  • HSK Level: HSK 5
  • Concise Definition: An ambassador; the highest-ranking diplomatic representative of a country in another sovereign state.
  • In a Nutshell: 大使 (dàshǐ) is the official and formal term for “ambassador.” It's a word you'll hear on the news, read in articles about foreign affairs, and use when discussing government. It carries a sense of authority, gravity, and national representation. While its primary meaning is political, it can also be used metaphorically for someone who represents a certain field or ideal, like a “goodwill ambassador.”

Character Breakdown

  • 大 (dà): Meaning “big,” “great,” or “large.” The character is a simple pictograph of a person with their arms stretched out wide to signify largeness.
  • 使 (shǐ): Meaning “to send,” “to use,” or “messenger/envoy.” This character combines a person radical (亻) with a component that historically relates to an official carrying out a duty. Think of it as a “person on a mission.”
  • The characters combine literally to mean “great envoy” or “grand messenger.” This perfectly captures the modern meaning of an ambassador as the most important representative sent by a country.

Cultural Context and Significance

  • The concept of an official envoy (使者, shǐzhě) has existed in China for millennia, from diplomats negotiating with rival states during the Warring States period to famous explorers like Zhang Qian who was an imperial envoy to the Western Regions. The 大使 (dàshǐ) is the modern incarnation of this ancient and vital role.
  • In modern China, the role of an ambassador is highly prestigious and directly tied to the central government's authority. Ambassadors are seen as the direct voice and face of the nation's policies abroad. Their words are carefully scrutinized as they are assumed to reflect the official position of Beijing.
  • Comparison to Western Culture: While an American ambassador is also a country's top diplomat, the position can sometimes be a political appointment given to major campaign donors or political allies. In China, the path to becoming a 大使 (dàshǐ) is almost exclusively through a long career in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The title thus implies deep expertise in diplomacy and unwavering loyalty to the state's official line, perhaps more so than its Western equivalent. The 大使 is less of an independent political figure and more of the nation's chief representative.

Practical Usage in Modern China

  • Formal & Diplomatic Contexts: This is the primary use of the term. It appears constantly in news reports, government statements, and official meetings. It's almost always preceded by the country the ambassador represents and the country they are stationed in. For example, “美国驻华大使” (Měiguó zhù Huá dàshǐ) means “The US Ambassador to China.”
  • Figurative Usage: The term is frequently used metaphorically to describe a prominent representative of a particular cause, field, or culture. This is very common in media and for celebrity endorsements.
    • 文化大使 (wénhuà dàshǐ): Cultural Ambassador (e.g., an artist promoting their country's culture abroad).
    • 和平大使 (hépíng dàshǐ): Ambassador of Peace.
    • 品牌大使 (pǐnpái dàshǐ): Brand Ambassador.
  • Connotation: The term is formal, respectful, and neutral-to-positive. It confers status and importance on the person being described.

Example Sentences

  • Example 1:
    • 中国新任驻美国大使昨天抵达了华盛顿。
    • Pinyin: Zhōngguó xīnrèn zhù Měiguó dàshǐ zuótiān dǐdá le Huáshèngdùn.
    • English: China's new ambassador to the United States arrived in Washington yesterday.
    • Analysis: A standard and common sentence found in news reports. Note the structure: [Country A] 驻 (zhù - stationed in) [Country B] 大使.
  • Example 2:
    • 作为大使，他的主要职责是促进两国之间的友好关系。
    • Pinyin: Zuòwéi dàshǐ, tā de zhǔyào zhízé shì cùjìn liǎng guó zhījiān de yǒuhǎo guānxì.
    • English: As an ambassador, his main responsibility is to promote friendly relations between the two countries.
    • Analysis: This sentence explains the function or role of an ambassador.
  • Example 3:
    • 记者向英国大使提出了一个尖锐的问题。
    • Pinyin: Jìzhě xiàng Yīngguó dàshǐ tíchū le yí ge jiānruì de wèntí.
    • English: The journalist asked the British ambassador a sharp question.
    • Analysis: Demonstrates how to use 大使 as the object of an action (asking a question *to* the ambassador).
  • Example 4:
    • 姚明被认为是一位出色的中美文化交流大使。
    • Pinyin: Yáo Míng bèi rènwéi shì yí wèi chūsè de Zhōng-Měi wénhuà jiāoliú dàshǐ.
    • English: Yao Ming is considered an outstanding ambassador for Sino-US cultural exchange.
    • Analysis: A perfect example of the figurative “cultural ambassador” (文化大使) usage.
  • Example 5:
    • 两国关系紧张，政府决定召回其大使。
    • Pinyin: Liǎng guó guānxì jǐnzhāng, zhèngfǔ juédìng zhàohuí qí dàshǐ.
    • English: Relations between the two countries are tense, and the government has decided to recall its ambassador.
    • Analysis: “召回大使” (zhàohuí dàshǐ) is a set phrase in diplomacy for recalling an ambassador, a serious diplomatic step.
  • Example 6:
    • 每位新大使都必须向东道国元首递交国书。
    • Pinyin: Měi wèi xīn dàshǐ dōu bìxū xiàng dōngdàogúo yuánshǒu dìjiāo guóshū.
    • English: Every new ambassador must present their credentials to the head of the host country.
    • Analysis: This sentence introduces related diplomatic vocabulary like “host country” (东道国) and “credentials” (国书).
  • Example 7:
    • 她被联合国任命为亲善大使。
    • Pinyin: Tā bèi Liánhéguó rènmìng wèi qīnshàn dàshǐ.
    • English: She was appointed as a Goodwill Ambassador by the United Nations.
    • Analysis: Shows another common figurative use, “Goodwill Ambassador” (亲善大使), often associated with organizations like the UN.
  • Example 8:
    • 你认识我们国家派驻到日本的大使吗？
    • Pinyin: Nǐ rènshi wǒmen guójiā pàizhù dào Rìběn de dàshǐ ma?
    • English: Do you know our country's ambassador to Japan?
    • Analysis: A practical question format. “派驻” (pàizhù) is another verb for “to station” or “to dispatch.”
  • Example 9:
    • 这位大使以其坦率的讲话风格而闻名。
    • Pinyin: Zhè wèi dàshǐ yǐ qí tǎnshuài de jiǎnghuà fēnggé ér wénmíng.
    • English: This ambassador is famous for his frank speaking style.
    • Analysis: Shows how to describe the characteristics of an ambassador. The measure word for a respected person, 位 (wèi), is used.
  • Example 10:
    • 如果你想成为一名大使，你必须精通外交事务。
    • Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ xiǎng chéngwéi yī míng dàshǐ, nǐ bìxū jīngtōng wàijiāo shìwù.
    • English: If you want to become an ambassador, you must be proficient in diplomatic affairs.
    • Analysis: A sentence that discusses the prerequisites for the job, connecting 大使 with the broader concept of “diplomacy” (外交).

Nuances and Common Mistakes

  • 大使 (dàshǐ) vs. 外交官 (wàijiāoguān): This is the most common point of confusion. A 大使 (dàshǐ) is the *highest-ranking* diplomat in an embassy. 外交官 (wàijiāoguān) means “diplomat” and is a general term for anyone working in diplomacy (e.g., consul, cultural attaché, first secretary). All ambassadors are diplomats, but not all diplomats are ambassadors.
    • Correct: 他是一名外交官，在法国大使馆工作。(Tā shì yī míng wàijiāoguān, zài Fǎguó dàshǐguǎn gōngzuò.) - He is a diplomat who works at the French embassy.
    • Incorrect: 他是法国大使，在法国大使馆工作。(Tā shì Fǎguó dàshǐ, zài Fǎguó dàshǐguǎn gōngzuò.) - This would mean he is *the* French ambassador, which might not be true.
  • 大使 (dàshǐ) vs. 使者 (shǐzhě): 大使 is the modern, official title. 使者 (shǐzhě) means “messenger” or “emissary” and sounds more classical or literary. You would use 使者 when talking about history or in a very poetic, figurative sense. For modern politics, always use 大使.
  • Scope of Meaning: In English, “ambassador” can sometimes be used loosely. In Chinese, 大使 is a very specific and formal title. Don't use it for a low-level company representative or a friend doing you a favor. Calling a salesperson a “brand ambassador” (品牌大使) is a specific marketing term, but calling your friend your “coffee ambassador” would sound very strange.

Related Terms and Concepts

  • 大使馆 (dàshǐguǎn) - Embassy. The physical building and office of the ambassador and their staff.
  • 外交官 (wàijiāoguān) - Diplomat. The general term for a person working in the field of diplomacy.
  • 领事 (lǐngshì) - Consul. A diplomat in charge of a consulate, typically in a major city other than the capital, who handles visas, commercial affairs, and citizen services.
  • 特使 (tèshǐ) - Special Envoy. A diplomat sent on a specific, often temporary, mission.
  • 外交 (wàijiāo) - Diplomacy; Foreign Affairs. The field in which an ambassador works.
  • 驻 (zhù) - To be stationed in. A verb commonly used before a country name to describe where an ambassador is posted (e.g., 驻华 dàshǐ - ambassador stationed in China).
  • 使者 (shǐzhě) - Emissary; Messenger. A more general and classical term for an envoy.
  • 国书 (guóshū) - Letter of Credence. The formal papers an ambassador presents to the host country's head of state to officially begin their duties.