When combined, 自信 (zìxìn) literally translates to “self-trust” or “to believe in oneself”—a perfect and direct representation of the concept of self-confidence.
In Chinese culture, the concept of 自信 (zìxìn) navigates a delicate balance with the traditional value of 谦虚 (qiānxū) - humility. Historically, being overly expressive about one's abilities was often seen as arrogant or showing off. Humility was prized, and one was expected to downplay their own achievements. However, in modern China, especially in business, education, and urban environments, demonstrating 自信 (zìxìn) is increasingly seen as a positive and necessary trait. It signals competence, reliability, and leadership potential. The key difference from the Western concept of “self-esteem” is that 自信 (zìxìn) is often more closely tied to one's 能力 (nénglì) - ability and actions. It's about believing you *can do* something successfully. While self-esteem can be a general feeling of self-worth, 自信 is more grounded in proven or perceived capability. Displaying too much confidence without the skills to back it up is quickly labeled as 自大 (zìdà) - arrogant or 自负 (zìfù) - conceited, which are highly negative traits. Therefore, true 自信 is seen as a quiet, earned assurance, not empty bragging.
自信 is a versatile and common word used in many contexts.
It is used in professional settings (job interviews, presentations), personal development (building confidence), and social interactions (describing someone's personality). Its connotation is almost always positive.