In modern China, changing one's hairstyle is a significant form of self-expression, and `烫发` is a key part of that culture. While perms in the West are often associated with the specific, tight curls of the 1980s, the concept in China is much broader and more contemporary.
Fashion and Trends: Perms in China are heavily influenced by East Asian beauty standards, particularly from South Korea and Japan. Popular styles include the “C-curl perm” (发尾C卷 - fàwěi C juǎn) for a soft, inward curl at the ends, or the “S-curl perm” (S型卷 - S xíng juǎn) for gentle, natural-looking waves. These styles are seen as adding volume, softness, and a sophisticated, feminine touch, contrasting with the perceived severity of straight hair.
Comparison to the West: In the US, perming is a relatively niche service. In China, it's a mainstream, common procedure offered in every salon, for both men and women. A perm is not just about getting curly hair; it's about achieving a specific, styled “look” (造型 - zàoxíng) that appears effortless day-to-day. It’s a foundational step to a low-maintenance but fashionable appearance.
Social Activity: The process of getting a perm can take several hours. It's often a planned activity, a form of self-care and relaxation, much like a spa day. People will spend the time chatting with their stylist, watching videos, or going with friends.