In China, the academic year has two main 开学 (kāixué) dates that structure the year for students, parents, and even retailers. The most significant 开学 happens in early September, marking the start of the main academic year. This is the Chinese equivalent of the “back-to-school” season in the West. However, it's often a more intense and nationally focused event. The entire society seems to shift gears. Stationery stores are packed, news reports cover the traffic jams around schools, and parents are busy ensuring their children are ready for the academic challenges ahead. A key cultural difference is the “First Class of the New Semester” (开学第一课 - kāixué dì yī kè). This is often a nationally televised program featuring inspiring stories, national heroes, and patriotic themes. It's broadcast by the state media and many schools require students to watch it, setting a tone of national unity and moral education for the year ahead. Another unique feature, especially for new high school and university students, is 军训 (jūnxùn), or mandatory military training. This often takes place in the first few weeks after 开学, and involves drills, marching, and discipline, intended to build character and patriotism. This is a stark contrast to the more relaxed start to the school year often seen in the West. The second 开学 occurs after the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year), usually in mid-to-late February, kicking off the spring semester. While less monumental than the September start, it's still a major transition from the country's most important family holiday back to the rigors of school life.
开学 (kāixué) is a high-frequency word used by everyone involved in the education system.
The connotation is generally neutral but colored by the speaker's feelings. For a first-grader, it can be exciting. For a high school student facing exams, it can be a source of stress.
The most common mistake for beginners is confusing 开学 (kāixué) with 上学 (shàngxué). While they both relate to school, their meanings are distinct.
Think of it this way: 开学 is the grand opening, while 上学 is the daily business. Incorrect Usage:
You only 开学 on the first day of the semester, but you 上学 every single school day.