校长

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校长 [2025/08/01 22:48] – 创建 xiaoer校长 [2025/08/13 11:34] (current) – created xiaoer
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-======霍格沃茨校长====== +====== xiàozhǎng: 校长 - Principal, Headmaster, President (of a university) ====== 
-=====简介===== +===== Quick Summary ===== 
-霍格沃茨校长 (Headmaster or Headmistress of Hogwarts) 是 [[霍格沃茨魔法学校]] 的最高领导者。该职位拥有对学校日常运作、教职员工任免、学生纪律以及学校安全的最终决定权。在魔法世界中，[[霍格沃茨]] 的校长通常被认为是一位法力高强、极具声望的巫师或女巫，其影响力往往超越了学校本身，延伸至整个英国[[魔法部]]乃至国际魔法界。在整个《哈利・波特》系列中，这一职位主要由 [[阿不思・邓布利多]] 担任，他对故事的走向起到了至关重要的作用。 +  * **Keywords:** xiaozhang, 校长, principal in Chinese, headmaster in Chinese, university president Chinese, how to say principal in Chinese, school leader, Chinese education system, 教育 (jiàoyù) 
-=====生平===== +  * **Summary:** The Chinese word **校长 (xiàozhǎng)** is the universal title for the head of an educational institution, from an elementary school principal to a university president. More than just an administrator, the **校长** is a figure of significant authority and respect in Chinese culture, reflecting the high value placed on education. Learning this term is essential for understanding the structure and social dynamics within any Chinese school or university. 
-“校长”作为一个职位，其“生平”体现在历任校长的更迭与传承中。以下是根据原著及官方补充材料整理的历任校长（按时间顺序，部分为已知）： +===== Core Meaning ===== 
-  * **菲利达・斯波尔** (Phyllida Spore)：一位中世纪的[[霍格沃茨]]女校长，以撰写《千种神奇药草与蕈类》而闻名。（Pottermore） +  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** xiào zhǎng 
-  * **埃弗拉** (Everard)：一位留着黑色短刘海的前任校长。他的肖像同时挂在[[校长办公室]]和[[魔法部]]，能够在两地之间穿梭传递信息。 +  * **Part of Speech:** Noun 
-  * **狄丽斯・德文特** (Dilys Derwent)：曾于 1741 年至 1768 年担任校长，她也是一位著名的[[圣芒戈魔法伤病医院]]的治疗师。她的肖像同样可以在这两个地方找到。 +  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 
-  * **阿芒多・迪佩特** (Armando Dippet)：在[[阿不思・邓布利多]]之前担任校长。他在[[汤姆・里德尔]]打开[[密室]]的时期在任，并最终在邓布利多的建议下关闭了学校。 +  * **Concise Definition:** The principal of a school or the president/chancellor of a university. 
-  * **[[阿不思・邓布利多]]**：系列故事中最重要的一任校长，自 20 世纪 70 年代起担任此职，直至 1997 年去世。他的智慧、力量和对[[哈利・波特]]的引导是战胜[[伏地魔]]的关键。 +  * **In a Nutshell:** **校长 (xiàozhǎng)** is the formal and respectful title for the highest-ranking leader of a school. Unlike in English where "principal" is typically for K-12 schools and "president" is for universities, **校长** is a one-size-fits-all term. It carries a strong sense of leadership, authority, and responsibility for the entire institution. 
-  * **[[多洛雷斯・乌姆里奇]]**：在 1995-1996 学年，由[[魔法部]]强行安插入校，先是担任“高级调查官”，后在邓布利多被迫离开时短暂攫取了校长职位。她代表了[[魔法部]]对[[霍格沃茨]]独立性的严重干涉。 +===== Character Breakdown ===== 
-  * **[[西弗勒斯・斯内普]]**：在[[伏地魔]]掌控[[魔法部]]后，于 1997-1998 学年被任命为校长。尽管表面上是为食死徒服务，但他实际上在邓布利多的授意下暗中保护学生。 +  * **校 (xiào):** School. This character is composed of the wood radical `木 (mù)` and a phonetic component `交 (jiāo)`. It evokes a place of learning and instruction. 
-  * **[[米勒娃・麦格]]**：长期担任副校长，在邓布利多和斯内普缺席或去世期间多次担任代理校长。在[[第二次巫师战争]]后，她正式成为[[霍格沃茨]]的女校长。（作者访谈） +  * **长 (zhǎng):** Head, chief, elder. When pronounced as `zhǎng`, this character means "leader" or "to grow." (Note: It is pronounced `cháng` when it means "long"). 
-=====外貌与性格===== +  * The characters combine literally and logically: **校 (school) + 长 (head) = 校长 (school head)**. 
-作为一个职位，校长没有固定的外貌。然而，这一角色通常要求其担任者具备一系列卓越的品质。 +===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== 
-  * **性格**：理想的[[霍格沃茨]]校长应具备非凡的智慧、强大的魔法能力、坚定的道德准则和对学生福祉的绝对忠诚。他们需要有能力在压力下做出艰难的决定，并成为整个学校的精神支柱。[[阿不思・邓布利多]]是这一形象的典范，他展现了仁慈、睿智，偶尔也有些古怪和神秘。相比之下，[[阿芒多・迪佩特]]显得更为传统和优柔寡断，而[[乌姆里奇]]和[[斯内普]]在任期间则展现了权欲和冷酷（尽管斯内普的动机是复杂的）。 +In Chinese society, which is deeply influenced by Confucian values, education is seen as a primary path to success and social mobility. Consequently, educators are held in very high esteem. The **校长 (xiàozhǎng)** sits at the apex of this respected hierarchy. 
-=====魔法能力与技巧===== +Compared to a "principal" in American culture, a **校长** is often a more formidable and distant figure of authority. They are not just an administrator but the public face and moral guardian of the institution. Their words carry immense weight, and they are shown a level of deference that can be surprising to Westerners. This respect is tied to the cultural values of hierarchy and reverence for those in leadership and educational roles. A meeting with the **校长** is a significant event, unlike a casual chat with a principal might be in some Western schools. 
-担任[[霍格沃茨]]校长一职，意味着拥有与学校本身紧密相连的特殊权力与魔法权限。 +Furthermore, in universities, the **校长** often works alongside a **党委书记 (dǎngwěi shūjì)**, or Party Secretary, who is responsible for the political and ideological direction of the institution. This dual-leadership structure is a unique feature of the Chinese system. 
-  * **最高权威**：校长对学校的所有事务拥有最高权威，包括制定校规、授予或扣除学院分数（如邓布利多在第一学年结束时为[[格兰芬多]]加上了决定性的分数）。 +===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== 
-  * **人事权力**：校长负责招聘和解雇教职员工，如邓布利多坚持雇佣[[莱姆斯・卢平]]，并保护[[西比尔・特里劳妮]]免于被[[乌姆里奇]]驱逐。 +The term **校长** is used in formal contexts. It is the standard, official title. 
-  * **城堡的控制权**：校长与[[霍格沃茨]]城堡的古老魔法有着深刻的联系。[[校长办公室]]的入口（一尊石像鬼）只会为合法的校长打开。办公室内的历任校长的肖像有义务为现任校长服务。 +  * **Formal Address:** When speaking to a principal or university president directly, you //must// use their title. The correct format is `[Family Name] + 校长`. For example, a principal named Wang would be addressed as **王校长 (Wáng xiàozhǎng)**. Using their first name or just "校长" without a surname would be considered overly familiar or even disrespectful. 
-  * **安全与防御**：校长负责维护学校的防御魔法，可以控制[[霍格沃茨]]场地的出入权限，例如管理[[飞路网]]的连接。 +  * **Referring to the Role:** When talking //about// the principal, you can simply use **校长**. For example, "The principal announced a new policy." 
-=====重要物品===== +  * **Connotation:** The term is neutral-to-positive and always formal. It signifies respect and acknowledges the person's official position and authority. 
-许多重要的魔法物品与校长办公室或校长这一身份相关联。 +===== Example Sentences ===== 
-  * **[[分院帽]]**：存放于校长办公室内，用于为新生分配学院。在危急时刻，忠诚的[[格兰芬多]]学生可以从中抽出[[格兰芬多宝剑]]。 +  * **Example 1:** 
-  * **[[格兰芬多宝剑]]**：一把由妖精制造的宝剑，当[[分院帽]]认为有需要时，它可以被真正的[[格兰芬多]]人获得。 +    * 他是我们的**校长**。 
-  * **[[冥想盆]]**：//（邓布利多的个人物品）// [[邓布利多]]将其存放在校长办公室内，用于储存和回顾记忆。 +    * Pinyin: Tā shì wǒmen de **xiàozhǎng**. 
-  * **石像鬼守卫**：守护校长办公室入口的石像鬼，需要说出正确的口令才能进入。口令通常是校长偏爱的某种糖果名称。 +    * English: He is our principal. 
-=====人际关系===== +    * Analysis: A simple introductory sentence identifying someone's role. This is a very common and basic structure. 
-校长的职位使其成为连接魔法世界各个权力中心的关键节点。 +  * **Example 2:** 
-  * **与[[魔法部]]的关系**：传统上，[[霍格沃茨]]校长在魔法社会中地位崇高，并与[[魔法部]]保持着既合作又独立的关系。然而，当[[康奈利・福吉]]和[[皮尔斯・辛克尼斯]]（被操控）等官员试图干涉校政时，这种关系变得紧张，[[乌姆里奇]]的任命是其顶点。 +    * 王**校长**，您好！好久不见。 
-  * **与[[霍格沃茨董事会]]的关系**：学校董事会有权任免和暂停校长的职务，如他们在《哈利・波特与密室》中曾暂停[[邓布利多]]的职务。 +    * Pinyin: Wáng **xiàozhǎng**, nín hǎo! Hǎojiǔ bújiàn. 
-  * **与教职员工和学生的关系**：校长是所有师生的领导者和保护者，负责营造一个安全的学习环境。 +    * English: Hello, Principal Wang! Long time no see. 
-=====名字词源===== +    * Analysis: This demonstrates the correct way to address a principal directly, using their last name followed by the title. Note the use of the formal "you," `您 (nín)`. 
-“Headmaster” 是一个标准的英语词汇。“Head” 意为“头领、首脑”，而 “Master” 意为“主人、大师”或“教师”。结合起来，“Headmaster” 直接地表达了其作为“首席教师”或“学校最高管理者”的身份。其阴性形式为 “Headmistress”。 +  * **Example 3:** 
-=====幕后信息===== +    * **校长**明天早上要在全校大会上讲话。 
-  * J.K. 罗琳在访谈中确认，[[米勒娃・麦格]]在[[第二次巫师战争]]结束后成为了[[霍格沃茨]]的正式校长。（作者访谈） +    * Pinyin: **Xiàozhǎng** míngtiān zǎoshang yào zài quán xiào dàhuì shàng jiǎnghuà. 
-  * 在早期的 Pottermore 网站上，[[霍格沃茨]]的欢迎信就是由女校长[[米勒娃・麦格]]签署的，这进一步证实了她在战后的职位。（Pottermore） +    * English: The principal is going to give a speech at the all-school assembly tomorrow morning. 
-  * 电影改编中，邓布利多去世后，斯内普成为校长的过程被更详细地视觉化展现，凸显了[[食死徒]]对学校的全面控制。+    * Analysis: Here, **校长** is used as the subject of the sentence when referring to the role in general. 
 +  * **Example 4:** 
 +    * 这位是北京大学的新**校长**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhè wèi shì Běijīng Dàxué de xīn **xiàozhǎng**. 
 +    * English: This is the new president of Peking University. 
 +    * Analysis: This shows how **校长** is used for the head of a major university, equivalent to "president" or "chancellor" in English. 
 +  * **Example 5:** 
 +    * 我爸爸的梦想是成为一名受人尊敬的**校长**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Wǒ bàba de mèngxiǎng shì chéngwéi yī míng shòu rén zūnjìng de **xiàozhǎng**. 
 +    * English: My father's dream is to become a respected principal. 
 +    * Analysis: Shows the aspirational nature of the role and the respect associated with it. 
 +  * **Example 6:** 
 +    * 如果你有问题，可以直接去**校长**办公室找他。 
 +    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ yǒu wèntí, kěyǐ zhíjiē qù **xiàozhǎng** bàngōngshì zhǎo tā. 
 +    * English: If you have a problem, you can go directly to the principal's office to find him. 
 +    * Analysis: Uses the term to refer to a specific place associated with the role: `校长办公室 (xiàozhǎng bàngōngshì)` - Principal's office. 
 +  * **Example 7:** 
 +    * **校长**批准了我们的活动申请。 
 +    * Pinyin: **Xiàozhǎng** pīzhǔnle wǒmen de huódòng shēnqǐng. 
 +    * English: The principal approved our activity application. 
 +    * Analysis: Highlights the decision-making authority of the **校长**. 
 +  * **Example 8:** 
 +    * 我们的**校长**对学生很严格，但也很关心我们。 
 +    * Pinyin: Wǒmen de **xiàozhǎng** duì xuéshēng hěn yángé, dàn yě hěn guānxīn wǒmen. 
 +    * English: Our principal is very strict with students, but also cares about us a lot. 
 +    * Analysis: A sentence describing the characteristics of a specific principal. 
 +  * **Example 9:** 
 +    * 李**校长**的教育理念影响了整整一代学生。 
 +    * Pinyin: Lǐ **xiàozhǎng** de jiàoyù lǐniàn yǐngxiǎngle zhěngzhěng yī dài xuéshēng. 
 +    * English: Principal Li's educational philosophy influenced an entire generation of students. 
 +    * Analysis: This sentence demonstrates the deep and lasting impact a **校长** can have, reinforcing their cultural significance. 
 +  * **Example 10:** 
 +    * 这所学校换了三任**校长**了。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhè suǒ xuéxiào huànle sān rèn **xiàozhǎng** le. 
 +    * English: This school has already changed principals three times. 
 +    * Analysis: Introduces the measure word for principals/presidents, `任 (rèn)`, which means "term of office." 
 +===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== 
 +  * **Biggest Pitfall: Principal vs. President:** English speakers must remember that **校长 (xiàozhǎng)** covers **both** K-12 principals and university presidents. Using separate words as you would in English is a common mistake. For example, there is no separate mainstream word for "university president"; it is simply **校长**. 
 +  * **Don't Confuse with Lower-Level Administrators:** A **校长** is the head of the //entire school or university//. Do not use it for a dean or department head. 
 +    * **Dean of a College:** `院长 (yuànzhǎng)` (e.g., Dean of the College of Arts) 
 +    * **Department Head:** `系主任 (xìzhǔrèn)` (e.g., Head of the English Department) 
 +    * **Incorrect:** 他是外语学院的**校长**。 (Tā shì wàiyǔ xuéyuàn de xiàozhǎng.) 
 +    * **Correct:** 他是外语学院的**院长**。 (Tā shì wàiyǔ xuéyuàn de yuànzhǎng.) 
 +  * **Incorrect Address:** Avoid addressing a principal as `校长先生 (xiàozhǎng xiānsheng)` or just by their full name. The standard `[Last Name] + 校长` is the only truly appropriate and respectful form of address. 
 +===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== 
 +  * **[[学校]] (xuéxiào):** School. The domain where the `校长` is in charge. 
 +  * **[[大学]] (dàxué):** University. A specific type of `学校` led by a `校长`. 
 +  * **[[老师]] (lǎoshī):** Teacher. The most common term for an educator; a `校长` is the leader of all the teachers. 
 +  * **[[院长]] (yuànzhǎng):** Dean. The head of a specific college or faculty within a larger university, reporting to the `校长`. 
 +  * **[[系主任]] (xìzhǔrèn):** Department Head/Chair. The head of an academic department, reporting to the `院长`. 
 +  * **[[班主任]] (bānzhǔrèn):** Homeroom Teacher. The teacher in charge of a specific class (`班`). This role mirrors the leadership structure, being the "head" of the class just as the `校长` is the "head" of the school. 
 +  * **[[书记]] (shūjì):** Party Secretary. In most Chinese public institutions, including schools and universities, the Party Secretary holds a position of power parallel to, and sometimes greater than, the `校长`, overseeing political and ideological matters. 
 +  * **[[教育]] (jiàoyù):** Education. The entire field and concept within which the `校长` operates.